The ratio of physiologic dead space to tidal volume is usually about 1/3. Alveolar dead space alveoli stop working for gas exchange due to damage etc.
Alveolar dead space is the volume of gas within unperfused alveoli (and thus not participating in gas exchange either) it is usually negligible in the healthy, awake patient. Transport Respiratory Gasses: Ox lungs to tissue cells. Anatomic dead space is the volume of gas within the conducting zone (as opposed to the transitional and respiratory zones) and includes the trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles it is approximately 2 mL/kg in the upright position. Physiologic dead space (VD-Phys) is the sum of the anatomic (VD-Ana) and alveolar (VD-Alv) dead space. Anatomical dead space or anatomical shunt, arises from an anatomical failure. Lung capacity has evolved to support the animal’s activities.
All mammals have lungs that are the main organs for breathing. Physiologic or total dead space is the sum of anatomic dead space and alveolar dead space. The respiratory system of modern birds has been evolving for hundreds of millions of years. Dead space is the volume of a breath that does not participate in gas exchange.
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